Keeping Trains Safe

When the Tofugu team was in Japan earlier this year, Japan’s safety measures (or lack thereof) astounded me. In the US, everything has to have a label and a warning, otherwise people will get hurt and sue the hell out of each other.

But that’s not the case in Japan. For whatever reason, Japanese culture isn’t as litigious as US culture. It means that Japanese people can get away with things that would be seen as grounds for a lawsuit in the US. Spigots with boiling hot water in kaitenzushi restaurants, sometimes-dangerous walkways, and—what struck me the most—train stations.

train-station

Many train platforms in Japan are open-air, meaning that trains whizz by, sometimes at high speeds, without any real barrier between people waiting on the platform and certain danger. I damn near jumped outta my skin the first time I heard a bullet train speed through a station.

Make no mistake, Japanese trains are remarkably safe. Considering how many people in Japan commute and travel by train every single day, the number of injuries and fatalities is extremely low. And the technology to keep people safe and comfortable in trains is evolving every year.

However, there are still problems. While we were in Japan we never saw anybody get hit by a train or fall onto the tracks or anything like that, but people in Japan are still killed and injured by trains all the time.

Safety Measures

Japan has one of the highest suicide rates in the world, and one way people end their lives is death by train. It happens all the time around the entire country. We even indirectly dealt with the issue while we were there: one of our trains in Tokyo was delayed by a suicide.

train-barriers-walls

There are some mechanisms in place to deal with this at train stations: some have buttons you can press if somebody falls onto the tracks to alert the trains to stop, but most stations leave you pretty helpless.

Fortunately, the Japanese are working on keeping people safe on train tracks. Some cities have begun to add doors to train stops that open once the train arrives, and researchers are even working on station barriers that adjust to different train models.

Fixing the Root Cause

Of course, there are plenty of efforts to tackle the suicide problem to make sure that these barriers aren’t even needed in the first place.

Because Japan’s suicide rate has been extremely high for some 20+ years, people in the government and all over the country have taken efforts to solve this complex problem.

Of course, there’s no one solution to suicide just as there’s no one cause; the Japanese have funneled money into numerous programs including suicide hotlines, counseling, treatment, and public awareness campaigns to change cultural attitudes towards suicide.

Unfortunately, there’s still a long way to go before Japan’s suicide problem is anywhere close to fixed. But until this epidemic is stymied, a train remains a dangerous thing.


Bonus: Our illustrator extraordinaire Aya put together an animated gif of the illustration from today’s header, enjoy!

  • Vague

    I’m confused. What’s wrong with hot water spigots? It might be because English is my third language, but isn’t that just a tap with warm water?

  • Ann-Katrin B-m

    I see what you mean but this is the way train stations look in most places in the world, also in US – and there is a fair amount of accidents with US trains as well. Of course, in the US you don’t have the same kind of high speed trains, actually most of the trains in US are very slow, but never the less: There are plenty of train stations that are completely open, just like the ones on the picture. Now, of course, I have only travelled limited stretches by train in US, but still. Can you name some stations that are safer? I am not talking about the underground, I am talking about train stations, and I am curious, because I really lack examples that match the post?
    Ann-Katrin

  • http://www.tofugu.com/ Hashi

    Sorry, I should have clarified. These spigots dispense boiling hot water, which people can potentially burn themselves with. It’s not a huge deal, but something that I don’t think could exist in the US without somebody getting sued.

  • Vague

    Aah, I see. Makes sense. Thanks. :)

  • Naruru in Japan

    I’ve been living in Japan since 2011 (Yokohama) and the safest train station I have experienced would be in the country side. If you were in the metropolitan cities, of course you’ll be pushed and you can easily fall onto the tracks if you’re not careful during rush hours. I’ve been pushed out of the train and almost fell between the train and where the yellow line is in the photo, and made it safely by jumping myself out. But that’s only during rush hours, I repeat again. If you just stand behind the yellow line you’re 100% safe. If you stand on the yellow line, you’re 50% safe. Beyond that line and you hear a horn sound from the train to warn you or else you’ll get caught. The wind can pick you up if the train passes (skipping a station or two, or the shinkansen which is pretty dangerous…). Shinkansen…it can literally pick you up just a little bit if you’re behind the yellow line. That’s how fast it is.

    1 million passengers are being transported every day in Tokyo and they’re faster than Washington D.C. subway trains I’ve ridden them back in 2009.

  • Reptic

    This reminds me of a blog post I once read about a baskin robbins in Japan throwing a chunk of dried ice on a container of ice cream to keep it cold because they knew the customer would be taking it home instead of eating in the store.

    The author was implying that this was another example of the great customer service in Japan, but I just kept on thinking what if some idiot (or small child) reaches down to remove the ice and burns themselves. Just seemed like a lawsuit waiting to happen.

  • lychalis

    we actually have one of those in the kitchenette at my secondary school, although I don’t think anyone’s been burned by it.

  • Sula

    Mh, ist this about train stations or suicide?
    I’m a little confused by the “open” platforms. Or rather: What are the “not open” platforms you have in the US? Like the barriers with doors in some Japanese cities? Cause I’ve never been on a platform which is not “open”, there’s just the yellow line.
    Anyway, trains beeing dangerous is the wrong conclusion. If people want to commit suicide, they will. If they can’t get a train, they’ll take a rope, or a knife or pills or whatever you can use.
    Sure, there is the potential danger of falling on the tracks, even if you don’t want to, but I’d say it’s rather small, as long as you keep behind the line. And allways secure the baby carriage, mums!

  • http://twitter.com/zacharywalz Zach Walz

    I heard a story on NPR about “means reduction” in suicide. Long story short: if you take away easy means to suicide, the rates decrease. The story was about guns, due to the heated political climate here, but essentially if you took guns away, suicide rates went down. This is because people have to think longer and harder about how to commit suicide and have many different chances of giving up. And if they do something like swallow a bunch of pills, which one is more likely to survive than blunt force or gun trauma, the chances are 90% that they will not ever try suicide again. The same could be said for trains–having closed platforms prevent a way of committing suicide. It becomes harder, so people are less likely to do it less.

    Here’s an interesting website about means reduction: http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/means-matter/

  • http://alualuna.wordpress.com/ alua

    “For whatever reason, Japanese culture isn’t as litigious as US culture.” Don’t you think that applies for just about any culture? (Indeed, from my ethnocentric viewpoint, I would phrase that “For whatever reason, US culture is more litigious than Japanese culture”, because, you see, USAmericans are infamous in most parts of the world for their sue-happy behaviour…. ;-) )

    Those train stations in the Japan don’t seem particularly unusual or unsafe to me.

  • DAVIDPD

    They have these all over Asia. They are for tea and instant noodles. I personally love them.

  • Mescale

    I think they need to make the world dangerouser, they should have the platforms slope down towards the lines and the lines should be filled with sharp spikes and saws.

    If the world was more exciting and challenging people wouldn’t try to kill themselves.

    Ideally everything should be more like takashi’s castle but with more sharp things.

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Alexandra-Franco/896075564 Alexandra Franco

    Nobody is as litigious as the US. Which is good, otherwise sues would be handed over Oprah style. .

  • http://www.tofugu.com/ Hashi

    You get a lawsuit! And you get a lawsuit! Everybody gets a lawsuit!!!

  • shiro

    The shinkansen doesn’t just pass through any ol’ track, though – don’t they all have barriers? At least, every station at every one I’ve taken has.

    Most trains in Japan (the locals) probably run at the same speeds that US trains do.

  • Jon

    Just put a fence there, with some space between the edge and the fence. Then open the fence once the train arrives. Boom! Problem solved. Keeps people away from the edge and therefore from falling/jumping off the edge. The cost could probably be partially offset by the occasional reduced downtime due to people that fall/jump on the tracks, and the trains wouldn’t have to be stopped to clean up the traumatizing mess (I’m fairly certain that being hit by a train, or being run over by a train, would be a fairly messy and painful death).

    Seriously, it took me about 30 seconds to think of that. Should I write a letter to the Japanese government with my idea?

  • shiro

    The ice is in packs or boxes that would prevent it from making any contact with your skin. You would have to be one dumb and determined child (coupled with one dumb and oblivious parent) to hurt yourself on it.

  • PinkBarry

    A highly exclusionary society = no avenue for deviance or failure = suicide when one falls out of favor with their community and/or fails to fulfill its expectations. Unlike in America, where being different presumably makes you quirky and fun (and there are any number of subgroups tailor-made to your desired level of fun quirkiness), being the nail that sticks out (or falls out or breaks, for that matter) in Japan entails a particularly hard psychological fall. Imagine if the only social support network you’ve ever known suddenly, collectively looked down upon or shunned you for something you either did or failed to do. If you’re exceptionally strong-willed and independent (which is not a cherished quality in this part of the world), you go one to write amazing novels. If you’re like most people, however, you start looking for the off switch. The epidemic of suicide in Japan is not a communicable psychological disease but a phenomenon endemic of a culture which fails to accommodate differences. Don’t get me wrong, I love Japan (otherwise I wouldn’t be perusing this site), but this aspect of their culture smothers not only its own citizens but its ability to engage with the outside world (a most unfavorable quirk).

  • Reptic

    Actually, that’s not true.

    I’ve never added pictures to a comment on this site before, so I don’t know if this will work, but

    here is a picture of the specific ice cream I was talking about taken from that blog post.

    As you can see, the chunk of dry ice is clearly just sitting there on the ice cream. The author even said it herself. Here’s a quote: “Removed the ice cream and dry ice from the bags, being careful to not touch the dry ice. You know, because dry ice burns your skin.”

  • Henro 88

    Just gonna throw out that a LOT of the roads don’t have rails or curbs or anything whatsoever to keep you from falling off a mountain or right into a ditch.

    And, you know, we can compare Japan to America’s warning label mania and suggest that Japan is just better at not-dying than America. Perhaps. But there is a line where you stop trying to be understanding of a new culture and you have to say, “Stop. Just fucking stop. This one-lane/two-way road has no railing and that is a 400 foot drop into a river and someone is trying to pass me. Just…fucking stop, everyone. This is not right.”

    The lack of safety measures in Japan, I think, is an objective issue, not one of culture shock or ethnocentrism.

  • Henro 88

    I’ve read that having a gun in your house increases the likelihood of suicide. I thought about that and I realized…if my family had owned a gun…I would not be alive right now.

    So, plus 9000 to your comment. I think it is 100% spot-on. And Japan needs to do more of this.

  • http://twitter.com/sukixrose Rose

    In the UK recently, it made national news when a woman sued a gas station because she tripped over the curb in the dark and hurt herself. But I guess in the states that’s pretty normal?

  • http://twitter.com/sukixrose Rose

    I friend of mine went to China, and came back raving about the fact that there was hot water available on trains. Me and him are both addicted to tea and instant noodles, so I was like “I’M GOING TO CHINA BABY”, when I found out XD

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Alexandra-Franco/896075564 Alexandra Franco

    Aah, I can see the lawyers prancing around

  • http://twitter.com/Musouka Musouka

    It is not all about suicides, though. Japan has recently commemorated the 8th anniversary of the deadly Amagasaki Rail Crash. The causes and consequences of the crash provide good insights.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amagasaki_rail_crash

  • Amon

    Hashi, I think you need to start going a bit more in depth with your articles. I’m often left wondering what the point you are trying to make is, and you rarely provide any evidence beyond your own assertions.

  • Vicky

    What do train stations in the US have? I live in Canada and it looks exactly the same as the top photo. We have fast VIA Rail trains whiz by with no warning too.

  • Ulairi

    The shinkensen do not all have barriers. Shin-Kyoto, Shin-Yokohama, Tokyo and UTSUNOMIYA didn’t have barriers at all. I could jump on the tracks at anytime (not that I am dumb enough to do that). The only time I ran across barriers was one Kyoto subway station and one station for the Shinkensen (don’t recall it though).

  • Yuume

    I agree with this. And I feel like the reason we are that way is because we let everyone get away with crazy stuff like suing people over stupid things, therefore we feel entitled to just about everything nor do we feel the need to think things through or take responsibility for ourselves/actions. We are probably one of the most selfish countries e_e It’s a little disappointing.

    But, I think that the article was more geared toward what Japan wants to do to make it more suicide-proof. I think barriers and more cat station masters are in order. Kitty station masters can be distracting AND therapeutic :D

  • http://www.facebook.com/lee.hericks Lee Hericks

    The only reason the US is so…”safe” is because of the litigation. I love kaitenzushi, people can handle putting their own hot water in their tea, they do it at home. The same goes for okonomiyaki restaurants, nabe restaurants, yakiniku restaurants. I love eating out in Japan, and I always think about how hard this would be to do in America. Just one more reason I’ll stay here.

  • http://www.facebook.com/lee.hericks Lee Hericks

    This kind of thing is quite out of control in America. It’s a lack of personal responsibility, thats all.

  • Raleford

    The real question is whether she WON the suit. I won’t say it’s guaranteed, but there is too high a possibility in some regions here that the woman could win the suit, because the curb should’ve been “more well lit” or reflective paint or something. Personal responsibility seems undervalued to me in the current culture.

  • Raleford

    I’ve only been to a few stations, but at my local one you still actually go outside to board the train. Not much more open than that.

  • To

    EVERY station has emergency buttons on EVERY platform (like every 25m on a pole), even every railroad crossing has one. There was a poster campaign recently on how to use them correctly and to use them without hesitating. It seems that, just like you, even many Japanese people never noticed they are there….

  • Naty

    In Korea they have those in most stations. But it’s more of a glass door/barrier that goes up to the ceiling and only open when the train comes.

  • linguarum

    Just got back from Japan, and it did strike me how many tripping hazards there were. Irregularly spaced steps, odd curbs were everywhere. Lots of uneven flooring, even in major malls and train stations.

  • http://twitter.com/sukixrose Rose

    I think she was forced to drop the case in the end, since it received such a back lash – but here’s an article on it: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/9965804/Policewoman-wants-to-drop-compensation-claim.html

  • belgand

    Except I’ve had shabu shabu and hotpot numerous times in the US without warnings or incidents. They trust you with a boiling hot vessel and a propane stove. A quick search shows a couple of yakiniku places in town as well.

  • belgand

    Yep, that’s pretty much exactly the same as what we have in San Francisco. Just an open area for the train and a platform separated by that strip of bumpy yellow tile with a bit extra to indicate where the doors should be. Subways, commuter rail, and on the few occasions that I’ve been able to take inter-city rail are all pretty much like that or even more open without grade separation.

    Just look at any film or TV show set in a subway station and you’ll see that it’s the standard throughout the US. You might see a sign or hear an announcement stating that you should wait behind the line before the train arrives, but that’s it.

  • cosmin

    “cultural attitudes towards suicide” – LOL