Japanese Conjugation [CheatSheet]

I put it up on the Japanese Resources page around a week ago (and it’s been on TextFugu a bit before that), but thought I should share it all with you here, since I think it will help a lot of you out. Being able to conjugate nouns, adjectives, and verbs isn’t terribly difficult, but it does require some nasty memorization for beginners … and I’ve never been a fan of memorization when I can help it (much better to memorize things other ways, I think. Stuffing your brain with repetition doesn’t do the trick for most people, even when they think it does). In order to help with this I came up with a Japanese Conjugation Cheatsheet. There was some thinking behind it, too, if you want to know why the cheatsheet is set up the way it is.

Simple And Not A Crutch

The whole goal was to make something that wouldn’t be too much of a crutch. The thing I worry about the most with cheatsheets is that people are using them instead of actually learning things. I’ve made sure the cheatsheet was set up in a way that won’t actually teach you about conjugating nouns, adjectives, and verbs. This cheatsheet is for people who have already learned it, but don’t know everything off the top of their head. Still, if you’re using this cheatsheet, it’s a good idea to be able to do all this (for the most part) on your own.

Really, the minimal amount of information is present. There’s information on:

  • Neutral/Formal Nouns
  • Neutral/Formal Adjectives
  • Neutral/Formal Verbs
  • A small reminder on how to convert from ます form to Dictionary Form
  • Casual Nouns
  • Casual Adjectives
  • Casual Verbs

It will tell you how to do present/future, past, negative, and past negative tenses. Beyond that, there’s nothing else. It doesn’t cover the billion other things it could cover, because I wanted to keep things simple. Besides, if you don’t know the things on the cheatsheet, it’s really hard to learn anything else, so think of this cheatsheet as a cheatsheet for the foundations you need to learn to be awesome.

Formal vs. Informal

Another thing I wanted to do is make sure there was a way for people to visually see the difference between formal and informal, since I think the difference between the two are really important when learning Japanese. Both of them are good to know, so I’ve put them both on the cheatsheet. I didn’t include any of the super informal stuff, or the super formal stuff – only the stuff that’s going to be useful 90%+ of the time.

The cheatsheet positions the formal / informal conjugations in a vertical fashion, where formal is on top, and as you go down it gets more informal. Anyways, it’s pretty obvious when you actually look at the conjugation cheatsheet :)

Download It!

You can download it for free right here – Definitely share it with your Japanese-learning friends, classmates, teachers, etc. Might be helpful. If you use it and like it, please “recommend” it on the Japanese Resources page. Really appreciate it!

Download Page

Also, if you’re into this kind of thing, there’s the somewhat similar and possibly even more useful “Japanese Particles Cheatsheet.” Enjoy!


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  • Hex

    Very good. I need to make something similar to give to my students. The only thing that I would do differently is that I find it easier to go from dictionary form to -masu form instead of the reverse.

  • codebeard

    This stuff is really really basic, so unless you’re just starting off in your Japanese studies (go for it!), then you shouldn’t need this at all. If you find you still need it after starting off, it probably means you’re not practising enough…

    Nihonshock’s cheat sheet on the other hand, covers plenty of more advanced grammar:
    http://nihonshock.com/2010/02/japanese-cheat-sheet-2/

  • Rachel Green

    Awesome! I’ve been focusing on kanji and vocab, and not nearly enough on grammar. Maybe I’ll get around to starting some grammar for words I do know. And by maybe, I mean do this instead of packing. :)

  • http://twitter.com/simplyshiny Allie Chambers

    Sweet. Now to actually STUDY.  I need someone to kick me in the head and make me work.

     

  • http://www.tofugu.com koichi

    yeah, do it!

  • J Gaston

    Thanks Koichi, i just got a workbook and text book for school so i can take Japanese for a foreign language credit. my school only offers Spanish so i am taking it as an independent study class. i hope this cheat-sheet can help ^_^
    also how many hours do you recommend i study a day?

  • http://www.tofugu.com koichi

    hope it helps too!

    And, as many as possible, I think! No real clear answer, here.

  • Joe Gaston

    as long as you keep thinking i will study for as many hours as possible then. ^_^ thanks.

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Michael-Correia/804870432 Michael Correia

    YOU ARE THE BOSS, KOICHI! Thanks! :D

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100000511548857 Hobbid Hobbin

    Thanks! I’m always forgetting what adjective’s conjugations are. Just checking ’cause It could be slang but on the particle sheet, “ボビーさん も イケア に いきます。” means bobby will also go to Ikea (not Japan).  I guess it’s one of those deliberate things teachers do to make students use their brains and therefore remember a sentence (like when teachers miss-quote Shakespeare so you look up the text yourself). Of course I could be wrong but either way I’ll probably end up remembering that sentence forever.

  • http://www.tofugu.com koichi

    feel free to use any ideas from this sheet for your students!

  • http://www.tofugu.com koichi

    yeah yeah go go faito faito!

  • http://www.tofugu.com koichi

    haha, glad it’s helpful! :D

  • http://www.tofugu.com koichi

    and… that’s pretty much who this cheatsheet is for :P

  • John

    lol xD

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  • http://pulse.yahoo.com/_2UMEDPM7FI4MFLNPPYYHLJT37E Guozhong Xu

    Welcome to:

    http://www.johnshop.org/

    June Surprises continued.Gift Non-stop.New stock constantly!Come on, dress up!
    Fashion Week, the time discount of brand and enjoy the surprises from the cheap
    Cheapest (TOP) Nike,Air Max, Jordan (1-24) shoes $28
    UGG BOOT $50Nike shox (R4, NZ, OZ, TL1, TL2, TL3) $31
    T-shirts (polo, ed hardy, lacoste) $15Wig $13
    Handbag(LV,Chanel,Coach,DG,ED Hardy.etc.)$30
    Jean (True Religion, ed hardy, coogi)$27
    Sunglasses (Dior, Oakey, coach, Gucci, Armaini)$12
    jersey $ 29 New era cap $16 Belt(ED hardy /LV) $10
    Watch(Rolex) $80 Scarf $21
    Bikini (Ed hardy, Polo,Gucci,LV,Christan Audigier,Affliction) $12
    Accept electronic bank transfer, credit card payment and paypal payment.
    Free Shipping
    Welcome to: 

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  • http://www.facebook.com/Zerokeemu Kim McInally

    So weird I was writing these out myself on some half assed paper chart last night. I know them but I like to just check I’m right and have them all down. Cheers :D

    Allthough one thing I’m unsure of is attaching ない Directly to some word. Ive seen it used but according all of the conjugation rules this is never mentioned.
    Examples:
    問題ない ーもんだいProblem. +ない=問題ないNot a problem.

    何でもない ーなんでもAnything +ない=何でもないNothing.
    To me this looks like nai has just been added, if thats the case shouldnt it be janai?Unless its uber casual, set expression or are actually words in their own right. I can’t seem to clarify. Or its just the infromal negative of ある。。。 Or even some slang or grammar I have no idea about. ><

  • Pascale Gorissen

    Great! Thanks a lot for making this. :)

  • Author

    You should give Conjugation Japanese a try, its a free Android App that lets you practice different kinds of conjugations and focus on the ones you’re having problems.

    https://market.android.com/details?id=conjugation.japanese

  • clc88

    out of curiosity when creating this were you using the ds game “my japanese coach”

    i’ve been using that tool and alot of words that are mentioned i’ve learned from “my japanese coach”
    ^therefore i didnt need to bother with a whole lot translating the meaning.

    this cheat sheet is MUCH easier to understand compared to what was shown in “my japanese coach”

    thanks for creating =D

  • http://www.tofugu.com koichi

    nope, sorry – haven’t looked at that resource yet! Glad you like it, though!

  • http://www.tofugu.com koichi

    whoops, thanks much, all fixed now!

  • Ronin Warrior

    Nice blog… please feel free to visit our site at http://www.japanese-language.info

  • Anonymous

    I do this without thinking nowadays but it’d be pretty useful if you’re still learning :D

  • http://twitter.com/miezeljotschek miezeljotschek

    That is the best thing EVER!

  • http://theotakukid.com/ shockerz

    I have learnt most of the conjugations but just needed something to group them together to see the big picture. Thanks!

  • L

    just downloaded. Thank you. Helpful. Simple.

  • Liz

    Could you do a review of my Japanese coach the game for Nintendo ds? I am using many sources to learn it but I wanted an interactive game type resource, I hear good and bad things about it. Thx